Ipratropium Bromide indications include:

• A. Pneumonia
• B. Hypertension
• C. Deep vein thrombosis
• D. Persistent bronchospasm, COPD exacerbation, toxic inhalation

Answer: (D)

Ipra­tropium bromide is a short-acting inhaled anticholinergic bronchodilator. It works by blocking muscarinic receptors in the airways, reducing acetylcholine-mediated bronchoconstriction. This makes it especially helpful in bronchodilatory management when there is bronchospasm related to obstructive airways, such as during COPD exacerbations, and in situations where inhaled irritants or toxic inhalations provoke bronchospasm. In acute care, it’s commonly used as an adjunct to a beta-agonist like albuterol to achieve more complete bronchodilation. Its onset is within minutes, with relief lasting several hours, which fits the needs of ongoing management during an acute episode. It is not indicated for treating pneumonia, hypertension, or deep vein thrombosis, as those conditions do not involve reversible airway constriction targeted by ipratropium. Hence, persistent bronchospasm, COPD exacerbation, and toxic inhalation are the appropriate indications.